Table 1 Demographic data of four groups

Sample size

40

38

44

42

Age at baseline FDG-PET

62.6 ± 11.6

72.1 ± 7.60*

74.7 ± 7.04*

77.0 ± 7.6*

Gender (male/female)

23/17

15/23*

19/25*

21/21*

Education (years)

13.6 ± 3.7

6.9 ± 5.0*

7.1 ± 4.9*

7.5 ± 5.3*

APOE Ɛ4 carriers

23.8%

37.8%*

60.9%*^§

57.9%*

Baseline MMSE

28.1 ± 2.1

23.5 ± 4.36*

21.8 ± 3.7*

17.4 ± 2.9*^§#

Baseline Cognitive ability Screening Instrument

Total scores (100)

92.6 ± 6.1

77.84 ± 13.9*

74.9 ± 12.2*

63.1 ± 15.3*^§#

Long term memory (10)

9.88 ± 0.7

9.2 ± 1.8*

9.1 ± 2.6*

7.9 ± 3.6*^§#

Short term memory (12)

10.5 ± 1.7

7.1 ± 3.6*

4.1 ± 4.0* ^§

3.8 ± 1.5*^§#

Attention (8)

7.3 ± 0.8

6.8 ± 1.2*

6.7 ± 1.4*

6.5 ± 1.3*^§#

Mental manipulation (10)

8.8 ± 1.8

6.3 ± 2.9*

7.0 ± 3.2*

6.3 ± 2.5*^§#

Orientation (18)

17.7 ± 1.0

15.0 ± 4.0*

11.7 ± 5.1* ^§

10.9 ± 2.6*^§#

Drawing (10)

9.8 ± 0.5

8.3 ± 2.3*

8.1 ± 2.9*

7.2 ± 3.6*^§#

Abstract thinking (12)

10.8 ± 1.2

8.5 ± 2.3*

8.3 ± 2.7*

7.5 ± 2.7*^§#

Verbal fluency (10)

8.2 ± 2.1

5.7 ± 2.3*

5.8 ± 2.8*

4.8 ± 1.8*^§#

Language (10)

9.8 ± 0.8

9.0 ± 1.5*

8.7 ± 2.1*

4.9 ± 2.1*^§#

Baseline FDG-PET SUVr

Frontal lobe

1.41 ± 0.10

1.45 ± 0.04

1.35 ± 0.06* ^§

1.30 ± 0.07*^§#

Medial temporal lobe

1.10 ± 0.07

1.06 ± 0.05

0.91 ± 0.07 *^§

0.86 ± 0.02*^§#

Lateral temporal lobe

1.40 ± 0.12

1.38 ± 0.04

1.23 ± 0.08* ^§

1.19 ± 0.11*^§#

Posterior cingulate cortex

1.61 ± 0.13

1.60 ± 0.20

1.37 ± 0.14 *^§

1.20 ± 0.07*^§#

Precuneus

1.61 ± 0.12

1.61 ± 0.05

1.48 ± 0.09* ^§

1.31 ± 0.08*^§#

Parietal lobe

1.50 ± 0.10

1.49 ± 0.04

1.36 ± 0.08* ^§

1.21 ± 0.06*^§#

Occipital lobe

1.60 ± 0.11

1.59 ± 0.05

1.56 ± 0.08

1.39 ± 0.12*^§#

Follow-up (years)

4.4 ± 1.8

6.4 ± 3.8*

6.7 ± 3.6*

6.6 ± 3.2*